[영문법/영어문법] 영문법 단문,중문,복문
문장을 구조에 따라 분류하면 단문, 중문, 복문으로 나눌 수 있다. 특히 영어(중학교 교과서)에서는 단문을 복문으로 전환하는 문형이 많이 나오므로 다음에 나오는 예문들을 보고 잘 익혀 두자.
단문 |
S+V 가 한번만으로 이루어진 문장 |
She sang a beautiful song(그녀는 아름다운 노래를 불렀다.) We played many games.( 우리는 많은 놀이를 했다.) I am a student. ( 나는 학생이다.) |
중문 |
두 개이상의 단문이 등위 접속사 and, but, or, so, for 로 연결된 문장 중문 : S + V 대등접속사 S + V |
He is a teacher and she is a doctor.( 그는 선생님이고 나는학생이다.) She likes apples, but he doesn't.(그녀는 사과를 좋아하지만 그는 그렇지 않다.) She is pretty and he is handsome.( 그녀는 예쁘고 그는 잘생겼다.) |
복문 |
S + V 종속접속사 S + V (주절과 종속절로 이루어진 문장) * 종속접속사 : because, that, if, when....... |
I know that he went to America My father died when I was ten. I know a girl who is a student. |
▲단문 <---> 복문 1.so as to( in order to ) <-- > so that --may(can) 2. too ---- to <---> so -- that --can't 3. S seem to V. <---> It seems that S + V~ 4. @ enough to V <----> so @ that S can 5. 의문사 + to V <----> 의문사 + S + should V |
1. He worked hard so that he might succeed. --> He worked hard so as to succeed. (그는 성공하기 위하여 열심히 공부했다.) --> He worked hard in order to succeed. 2. Women must fight so that they may get a chance to work for society.( 여자들은 사회를 위해 일할 기회를 얻기 위해 투쟁해야 한다.) --> Women must fight so as to get a chance to work for society. --> Women must fight in order to get a chance to work for society. 3. I sat up very late last night so that I might finish the book. --> I sat up very late last night so as to finish the book. (나는 그책을 끝내기 위해서 밤늦게까지 앉아 있었다.) 4. I started saving money so that I might buy a new bike. --> I started saving money so as to buy a new bike.( 나는 새자전거를 사기위해 돈을 모으기 시작했다.) |
* 단문에서 앞의 주어와 같은 목적어는 생략한다. 1. They are very small. You cannot see them. --> They are so small that you cannot see them. --> They are too small for you to see. ( 그것들은 너무 작아서 당신이 볼 수가 없다.) 2. The old man is very weak. He can't raise his hand. -->The old man is so weak that he can't raise his hand. -->The old man is too weak to raise his hand.( 그 노인은 너무 약해서 그의 손을 들 수가 없다.) 3. The box was so big that In-ho couldn't carry it. --> The box was too big for In-ho to carry.( 그 상자는 너무 커서 인호가 옮길 수 없었다.) 4. The team is so strong that we can't beat it. --> The team is too strong for us to beat.( 그 팀은 너무 강해서 우리가 이길 수 없다.) 5. The stone is too heavy for us to lift. ( 그돌은 너무 무거워서 우리가 들 수가 없다.) ->The stone is so heavy that we can't lift it. |
3.seem 구문의 전환
1. It seems that he is rich. |
1. The Romans were strong enough to rule many countries. --> The Romans were so strong that they could rule many countries.(로마인들은 많은 나라를 지배할만큼 충분히 힘이 세었다.) 2. You are old enough to go to school. ( 너는 학교에 갈만큼 충분히 나이가 들었다.) --> You are so old that you can go to school. 3.He was strong enough to lift the box.( 그는 그 상자를 들만큼 충분히 힘이 세다.) --> He was so strong that he could lift the box. 4. She was kind enough to show me the way to the station.(그녀는 나에게 역으로 가는 길을 가르쳐줄만큼 충분히 친철했다.) --> She was so kind that she could show me the way to the station. |
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